Machine tool



F. H. BOGART ,507,

MACHINE TOOL I 6 Sheets- Sheet 1 IN VEN TOR.

A rroe/va- Y5 Mays, 1950 Filed Oct. 9, 1944 .FEED H. Baa/:27-

W W M F. H. BOGART MACHINE TOOL May 9, 1950 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 9, 1944 INVENTOR. FEED 50 927- F. H. BOGART May 9, 1950 MACHINE TOOL 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed 001:. 9, 1944 INVENTOR.

F250 H. 5o 66E T 97 roe/v5 x5 Illl l III III F. H. BOGART May 9, 1950 MACHINE TOOL 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Oct. 9, 1944 NI m m INVENTOR.

r 0 N m H W .m A m BY 95m Ma 3 y 9, 1950 F. BOGART 2,507,241

MACHINE TOOL Filed Oct. 9, 1944 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 IN VEN TOR.

FEED H. Bog/9e? BY F. H. BOGART May 9, 1950 MACHINE TOOL 6 SheetsSheet 6 Filed Oct. 9, 1944 INVENTOR.

FEED H. B0 927 A TTOE/VEYJ Patented May 9, 1950 UNITED STATE i OFFICE MACHINE TOOL Application October 9, 1944, Serial No. 557,810

18 Claims. 1

This invention relates to a machine tool and more particularly to means for operating the chuck closing and opening mechanism of a machine tool.

Heretofore machine tools have had the mechanism for opening and closing a chuck operated entirely manually or entirely by power driven means. In the manual Operation of the chuck opening and closing mechanism of a machine tool frequently a considerable degree of force is required to operate such mechanism to eiiect adequate closing of the chuck jaws to prop rly grip the element held by the chuck. It may be diificult, particularly in machine tools of the larger sizes, for the operator of the machine tool to manually apply the necessary force to emciently operate the chuck closing and opening mechanism.

An object of the present invention is to provide in the manually operated chuck actuating mechanism of a machine tool, power means for supplementing the manual force applied to such mechanism by the operator in actuating the same.

Another object is to provide an arrangement such as specified in the last mentioned object and wherein the power means becomes efiective automatically to supplement the manual force applied to the chuck actuating mechanism, wherefore the operator operates such mechanism in the usual manner by manually moving the operating memher.

A further object is to provide an arrangement such as specified in the above mentioned objects and wherein the power means supplements the manual force applied to the chuck actuating mechanism both in closing and in opening the chuck.

A still further object is to provide in the manually operated chuck actuating mechanism of a machine tool, power means for supplementing the manual force applied to such mechanism, together with means for automatically rendering the power means ineffective when the chuck fully closed,

Another object is to provide in the manually ted chuck actuating mechanism of a mae tool, power means for supplementing the force applied to such mechanism in 11']; opening closing the chuck, together with 215 for automatically rendering the power ineffective when the chuck has been oper or has been closed.

A further object is to provide in the manually operated chuck actuating mechanism of a machine tool, an electric motor driven power means for supplementing the manual force applied to such mechanism by the operator.

Another object is to provide in the manually operated chuck actuating mechanism of a machine tool, an electric motor driven power means for supplementing the manual force applied to such mechanism by the operator in opening and closing the chuck and wherein said electric motor is started and stopped and its direction of operation reversed automatically at the proper moments in the manual operation of said chuck actuating mechanism.

A further object is to provide in a manually operated chuck actuating mechanism of a machine tool, an electric motor driven power means for supplementing the manual force applied to such mechanism by the operator and which power means can be rendered inactive when it is desired to operate said mechanism solely by manual force.

Another object is to provide means for increas ing the efliciency and for facilitating the operation of a manually operated chuck actuating mechanism of a machine tool and which means is simple in design and construction and is efficient in operation.

Further and additional objects and advantages not hereinbefore specified will become apparent during the detailed description of several embodiments of the invention which is to follow.

Although the invention may be embodied in the manually operated actuating mechanism of different types of chucks used in various kinds of machine tools, it will be described herein as embodied in the manually operated actuating mechanism of a collet chuck mounted in a rotating spindle of a machine tool although it should be understood that the use of the invention is not limited to this type of chuck.

Referring to the accompanying drawings illustrating several embodiments of the invention.

Fig. l is a somewhat diagrammatic view showing in section a portion of a work spindle of a machine tool, such as a lathe, and having a collet chuck mounted therein, with certain parts of the chuck actuating mechanism shown in section while other parts thereof are shown in front elevation; the full line illustration of the relationship of the parts of the actuating mechanism being the position they occupy when the collet chuck is closed and is gripping the stock, while the dash and dot line illustration of such parts shows the position they occupy when the collet chuck is openand stock is free to be fed therethrough.

Fig. 2 is an elevational View of the housing of the chuck actuating mechanism and the electric motor, and is taken looking from the left hand side of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a top plan View of th housing and motor shown in Fig. 2 and is taken on a larger scale.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken approximately on line 4-4 of Fig. 3, looking in. the direction of' the arrows.

Fig. 5 is a developed sectional view taken along irregular line 5-5 of Fig. 4, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view taken substantially on line '85 of Fig. 3, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. '7 is a top plan view of a modified form of chuck actuating mechanism embodying-the invention.

Fig. 8 is an end elevational view of the chuck actuating mechanism shown in Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a. side elevational view of: the. chuck actuating mechanism shown in Figs. '7 and 8.

Fig. 10 is a developed sectional view of a portion of the chuck; actuating mechanism shown in Figs. '7, 8 and 9' and particularly of the power drive thereof and said developed section is taken approximately along irregular line ll]|0 of Fig. 12, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary developed View of the double acting camclutch shown in Fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a View, partly in end elevation and partly in section, of the chuck actuating mechanism shown in Figs. '7 to 11 inclusive.

Fig. 13 is a side-elevational view of a portion of said chuck actuating mechanism with certain.

parts thereof broken away and shown in section; and

Fig. 14, Sheet 4,. is a. wiringdiagram of the power and control circuits forthe electric motor of the form shown in Figs- '7 to 13'inclusive.

As previously stated, the invention may be embodied in the manuallyoperated actuating mechanisrn of various'forms of chucks used in different types of. machine tools and the application of'theinvention as shown in Fig. v1 to the'manually operated actuating mechanism of acollet chuck is merely by way of illustration and: not by way of limitation. Also by way of illustration, the collet chuck is shown as mounted in the rotatable work spindle 29 of a lathe and which spindle is supported in the-headstock of thelathe-as willibe well understood in the art, a' portion of which headstock and the bed by whichit is carried being indicated in: Fig. l at. 21. and conjointly termed a support. The spindle houses an endwise movable collet operating sleeve 22 which when moved in one directionshifts the collet 23 to cause the cooperating. inclined. surfaces 24 and 25 to move the spring jaws of the collet into gripping relation with the stock (not shown) as will be well understood in the art. When the pressure on the collet operating sleeve 22 isreleased, the spring'jaws of the collet cause the collet to shift in the opposite direction with a resulting opening of the collet jaws and an endwise movement'of the sleeve 22- in said opposite direction, as will be'well understood inthe art.

The collet operating sleeve 22 is moved in its chuck closing direction by means of' fingers 26 pivotedin a supporting element 2'! secured to the spindle The fingers 26 have heel portions 28 which. engage the left hand end of the sleeve 22 and said. fingers are provided also with rollers 29, which cooperate with a collet actuating wedge member that is slidable axiall y'of the spindle tively connected to the wedge member 23 and has a conical or camming portion. When the wedge member 30 is in the position shown by dot and dash lines in Fig. l the collet jaws are open. and the stock may be fed through the spindle by any suitable means, not disclosed but well understood in the art. When the member 30 is in the. full line position of Fig. 1 the collet jaws are closed and the collet is tightly gripping the stock and machining operations can be performed on the. latter. It will be seen that as the wedge member 39 moves from the dot and dash position cf'Fig. 1 toward its full line position therein, the conical surface of the member contacts the rollers 29. and spreads the fingers 26 apart to cause the heel portions 23 thereof to shift the sleeve 22 toward the right, as viewed in the drawing, to effect closure of the collet jaws. The contour of the conical surface of the wedge member 39 is so designed as to provide the proper leverage for producing the closing movement of the collet jaws, it being noted that the member 36 is provided with a cylindrical portion on which the rollers 29 rest when the collet jaws are fully closed. The feeding of the stock when the collet jaws are released takes place as the wedge member 36 is moving from the dash-dot position of Fig. 1 toward the left and to a position where the rollers 29 first contact the conical surface of the wedge member. The construction. just described is well known in the art and. need not be explained in greater detail.

The wedge member 36 is shifted axially of the spindle 25. 30 effect opening and closing of the collet by the rocking movement of a shaft 3| and which shaft is suitably supported below the headstock. in the bed and projects horizontally from the front side of the bed, as will be well understood (see Figs. 3 and 6). The rocking movements of the shaft 3| may be transmitted to the wedge member 38 to impart axial shifting movement thereto. by various forms of mechanisms well known inthe art.

In Figs. 1 and 6 the shaft 3| is shown as opera- 3 3 by means of a short double lever arm 32 fixed at one of its-ends to the shaft 3! withinthe bed of the machine and having its free end straddling and pivotally connected to the angular end of a link The opposite end of the link 33 is pivotally connected to one end. of a lever 34 that is pivotally supported intermediate its ends on a supporting bracket carried by the headstock. The lever 34 at its upper end is provided with a fork which straddles the wedge member 38 and has rollers engaging in the annular groove 35 formed in said wedge member.

The shaft 3| is rockably supported in suitable bearings within the bed of the machine and, as previously stated, said shaft projects outwardly of the front side of the bed and extends into a housing 3? rigidly secured to the front side of the bed in any suitable manner, as for instance by means of a flange 38, bolted or otherwise attached to the bed. The. shaft 3i projects t irough an enlarged portion. 39 of the housing and into and through a cap G 3 secured to the enlarged portion 39 by suitable means, such as screws or other securing elements. The shaft 3! outwardly of the cap 49 has mounted on its reduced end a flanged sleeve 4! (see 6) the flange of said sleeve is provided with clutch teeth 42 (see Fig. 5) said clutch teeth having inclined surfaces 42a and straight surfaces 42b extending axially of the sleeve and shaft for a purpose later to be explained.

The flange of the sleeve 41 is disposed intermediate the end of the cap 40 and the hub of a manually operated handle 43, which hub is mounted on and keyed to the sleeve 4 I. A clamping collar 44 is secured to the shaft 3! by a cap screw 45, and when said cap screw is screwed tightly into position, said screw and the collar 44 act to clamp the handle hub and sleeve operatively together, so that the same rock as a unit relative to the shaft 3 l.

Within the cap 4!] a clutch sleeve member 45 is splined to the shaft 3! to have axial movement thereon and rotate therewith, and said clutch sleeve member is provided on its outer or right hand end (as viewed in Fig. 6) with clutch teeth 4'! which have inclined surfaces 47a and straight surfaces 412) that extend axially of the sleeve and shaft. It will be seen that when the handle 43 and sleeve 4! are rocked in an anticlockwise direction, as viewed in the drawings, the inclined surfaces 42a of the clutch teeth 42 will engage the inclined surfaces 410. of the clutch teeth 41 and will cam the clutch sleeve member 46 axially of the shaft and toward the left, as viewed in Fig. 6. It will further be seen that when the handle 43 and sleeve M are rocked in a clockwise direction, as viewed in the drawing, the straight surfaces 42b of the clutch teeth 42 will contact the straight surfaces 41b of the clutch teeth 4! and thus a positive driving action is established between the sleeve 4| and the sleeve 46, with the result that said clockwise rotation of the handle 43 rotates the shaft 3! positively in a clockwise direction. The inner end of the sleeve member 45 is in contact with a movable collar 48 of a friction clutch and said collar is mounted on the shaft 3| within the enlarged portion 39 of the housing. A coil spring or springs 49 act on the collar 43 to maintain the same in engagement wtih the end of the sleeve 46, said spring or springs being interposed between the collar 48 and the flange of a clutch member 59 that is keyed to the shaft 3!. The member 50 carries a plurality of clutch disks splined to the member, and said clutch disks cooperate with a plurality of similar clutch disks splined to the interior of an outer clutch member 51, wherefore when the collar 48 is moved toward the flange of the clutch member 50 the disks carried by the member 50 and the member i will :be brought into frictional driving engagement with each other, as is well understood in the art. When pressure on the collar 48 is relieved, the spring or springs 49 act to separate the collar 48 from the flange of the clutch member '56 to relieve the engagement of the clutch disks, wherefore the disks carried by the member 50 can rotate relative to the disks carried by the clutch member 5i and the clutch is inactive. The clutch member 5! is rotatably supported within the enlarged portion 39 of the housing and within the cap 49, and is provided. midway of its opposite ends and on its periphery with a ring gear 52. The ring gear 52 meshes with a pinion. 53 fixed on a shaft 54 that is rotatably mounted in suitable bearings formed in the housing, and said shaft extends parallel to the shaft 3! and to the left of and below said shaft, as viewed in Fig. 4.

The shaft 54 has a bushing 55 mounted thereon, and on this bushing a clutch sleeve member 55 is freely rotatable and said clutch sleeve member is provided at one end, i. e., the left hand end, as viewed in Fig. 5, with ratchet clutch teeth. A

worm gear 51 is keyed to the clutch sleeve member 56, and said worm gear meshes with a worm 58 formed on or attached to the end of a motor spindle 59 that extends transversely of and at a right angle to the shafts 3i and 54. The worm 58, although shown as directly formed on the motor spindle 59, could be made separate from said spindle and attached thereto. The motor spindle 59 is suitably supported in bearings formed in a laterally extending portion of the housing 31, and. said spindle carries the rotor of an electric motor 66, as will be well understood.

This electric motor preferably is of the nonreversing constant speed type and during the operation of the machine tool said motor may be operated continuously. The motor 6% may be controlled by a suitable switch (not shown) mounted on a convenient part of the machine tool.

A clutch sleeve member BI is splined on the shaft 54 and is provided with ratchet clutch teeth that are held by means of a coil spring 62 normally in engagement with the ratchet clutch teeth on the clutch sleeve member 55. It will be seen that the motor fill drives the shaft 54 through the worm 58, worm gear 57, clutch sleeve member 56 and clutch sleeve member 5!. It will also be seen that the gear 52 and the clutch member 51 will be driven by the motor in one direction through the pinion 53 that is fixed on the shaft 54. It will further be seen that the ratchet teeth on the clutch sleeve members 56 and 6! provide a safety feature preventing overloading of the motor or any tendency to turn the motor in the reverse direction.

Referring to Fig. 1 it will be seen that the hub of the handle 43. is provided with a recess extend ing transversely of the shaft 31 and said recess houses a coil spring 83 which acts on the inner end of a plunger 64 that has sliding movement in the recess within predetermined limits defined by an annular groove 65 formed in the plunger and a pin 66 carried by the handle hub and projecting into said annular groove. When the handle 43 is in the position it occupies when the chuck is fully closed (the full line position of Fig. 1) the outer end of said plunger has contacted a stop pin 67 carried by the cap 40 and has been depressed into the recess against the action of the spring 63. Therefore, as soon as the operator releases his pressure on the handle 43 the spring 63, acting against the plunger 64 which is contacting the stop pin 61, rocks the handle 43 slightly in a clockwise direction but sufficiently far to allow the clutch sleeve member 46 and the collar 48 to shift to the right, as viewed in Fig. 6, under the action of the spring or springs 49 to relieve the pressure on the clutch disks carried by the clutch members 59 and 5!, so that said disks are not friotionally contacting and do not scrape or grind against each other during the time that the chuck is closed, it being recalled that the electric motor 6% runs continuously during the operation of the machine tool.

In order to clearly explain the construction of the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figs. 1 to 6 inclusive, the manner in which said construction operates will now be explained. Assuming that the parts are in the position indicated by dot and dash lines in Fig. 1, i. e., the chuck open position, and that the motor 59 is operating, it will be understood that said motor is not operatively connected at this time to the shaft 3| since the relationship of the clutch teeth 42 and 41 is such that the clutch member 46 has shifted outwardly toefiect a non-driving disengagement of the clutch. disks carried by the clutch members 56 and Assuming that the operator now wishes to close the chuck, he manually swings the handle 43 in an anticlockwise direction from the dot and dash line position of Fig. 1 toward the full line position thereof. This movement of the handle 43 causes the clutch sleeve 4! to rock in an anticlockwise direction, whereupon the inclined surfaces 32a of the clutch teeth 42 contact the inclined surfaces i'la of the clutch teeth 4'! and tend to rotate the clutch sleeve member 43 and the shaft 3! to which said member is splined in an anticlockwise direction, with a resultant movement of the short lever arm 32, link 33 and lever arm 34 from the dot and dash line position of Fig. 1 toward the full line position thereof. This results in a shifting movement being imparted to the wedge member 38 from the dot and dash line position toward the left as viewed in Fig. 1. The engagement of the inclined surfaces 42a and 51a of the clutch teeth 42 and 41 also cams the clutch sleeve member 65 axially of the shaft 31 toward the left. as viewed in Fig. 6 and into pressing engagement with the collar 48 to move the latter against the action of the spring or springs 49 and cause the clutch disks carried by the clutch members 56 and 5! to drivingly engage. This. driving engagement of the clutch disks takes place approximately at the time the conical surface of the wedge member 30 engages the rollers 29 to commence spreading the fingers 26 and initiate the axial shifting toward the right of the sleeve 22 to shift the collet chuck and cause its jaws to move into stock gripping,- position. As soon as. the clutch disks carried by the.- clutch members 59 and iii are drivingly engaged, the torque of the electric motor 60 is impressed on the shaft 3!, in addition to the torque applied thereto through the manual movement of the handle 43 in the anticlockwise direction. Consequently, the chuck is now being closed by both manual. and power force, and the operator continues the anticlockwise movement of the handle 43 until the chuck is fully closed, and at such time the handle 43 will be in the full line position of Fig. 1, with the plunger Bil engaging the stop pin 8? and compressed against the spring 63; The operator now releases the handle 43 and the latter moves slightly in the clockwise direction due to the action of the spring pressed plunger 64' against the stop pin 61. This slight clockwise movement of the handle 43 rotates the clutch sleeve member 4i slightly in a clockwise direction and relieves the pressure of the inclined surfaces 42a of the clutch teeth 62 on the inclined surfaces 41a of the clutch teeth 4'5, whereupon the clutch springs 49 act to move the collar and the clutch sleeve member 45 slightly toward the right, as viewed in Fig. 6, and such movement is sufficient to disengage the clutch disks carried by the clutch members 50 and El and prevent the same from grinding together during the time the clutch remains closed, it being remembered that the motor [ii] is continuously operating.

When the operator desires to open the clutch he manually swings the handle 43 in a clockwise direction from the full line position of Fig. 1 to the dot and dash line position thereof. This manual movement of. the handle L3 in the clockwise direction causes the clutch sleeve member M to rock in a clockwise direction and brings the straight surfaces 42b of the clutch teeth 42 into contact with the straight surfaces 411) of the clutch teeth 41 and. thus theclutch sleeve memher 46 is driven positivelyin the clockwise direction, with a resulting clockwise movement of the shaft 3|. During this time the clutch disks of the clutch members 50 and 5| are drivingly disengaged so that the clockwise rotation of the shaft 3i and clutch sleeve member 46 is not transmitted back to the motor 60. However, should such movement be transmitted back through the shaft 54 for some reason, the ratchet teeth on the clutch members 56 andBl will prevent the movement from being transmitted to the motor. As the shaft 3! rotates in the clockwise direction, the lever arm 32, link 33'and lever 34 move from their full line position of Fig. 1. to their dot and dash line position thereof, and effect an axial shifting movement of the wedge member 30 from the full line position to the dot and dash line position, thus relieving the pressure on the fingers 2S and the sleeve 22, whereupon the inherent spring action of the jaws of the collet chuck causes the collet to shift toward the left and said jaws to open and release their grip on the stock. When the chuck has been fully opened the operator releases tbe handle 43' and the motor continues to operate but, however, no movement is imparted to the shaft 3! since the clutch disks of the clutch members 50 and 5| are drivingly disengaged.

It will be seen that in the embodiment of the invention already described a power force functions atuomatically upon the manual operation of the handle in a chuck closing direction to supplement the manual force applied to the chuck actuating mechanism, but, on the other hand, when said handle is manually moved in a chuck opening direction, the power force is ineffective and the chuck actuating mechanism is operated solely manually.

In Figs. 7 to 14 inclusive there is disclosed a modified embodiment of the invention which differs from the first described form in that the manual force is supplemented by a power force in operating the chuck actuating mechanism in both the chuck closing and chuck opening directions. Also the second embodiment now to be described diiiers from the first form in that the electric motor does not run continuously in the same direction but its operation is started near the beginning of the chuck closing movement and the beginning of the chuck opening movement and is stopped automatically at the end of said movements. Also the direction of operation of the motor is reversed automatically for the chuck opening movement and the chuck closing movement. The chuck actuating mechanism of this modified form of construction may be used either with a push-out or draw-back collet chuck or with some other form of chuck, particularly any form of chuck which requires considerable force to operate the actuating mechanism in the chuck opening direction.

The embodiment of the invention now about to be described may be employedv advantageously where substantial force is required to open the chuck, as, for instance, in large size machine tools where the friction and inertia of the chuck parts take substantial force to cause the chuck jaws to release their grip on the stock.

The embodiment shown in Figs. '7 to 14 inclusive comprises a housing 68 which projects from the front of the bed 69 and is rigidly attached to said bed by suitable means such as a flange bolted or otherwise secured to the bed. The housing 68 rotatably supports the rockable shaft 10 which extends into the bed and is connected to the chuck actuating mechanism within the bed by any suitable operative connections as, for instance, the operative connections disclosed in Fig. 1 hereof. The shaft Ill extends into an enlarged portion 68a of the housing and then into and through a cap ll secured to said enlarged portion. The end of the shaft 50 which projects outwardly of the cap H is provided with a bushing 12 on which the sleeve '13 rotates. This sleeve 13 is provided at its inner end with a flange 1d that has formed thereon double acting cam clutch teeth 75 (see Fig. 11). The hub 16 of the manually operated handle "H is keyed to the sleeve 73 and said sleeve and hub are held in assembled position on the extended end of the shaft 79 by a collar 18 and a cap screw 19 that passes through said collar and screws into a recess in the shaft 10 (see Fig. 10). The hub 16 of the handle is spaced outwardly of the flange M of the sleeve 13 and the bottom 89 of an inwardly facing cup-shaped member located between the inner end of the hub and said flange 14, said bottom being provided with a central opening through which the sleeve 13 extends with said sleeve forming the support for the cup-shaped member. The periphery of the cup-shaped member rotatably interfits a counterbore in the cap H and surrounds the flange 74 of the sleeve 13 and the clutch teeth formed thereon.

The hub 76 of the handle T! is provided adja cent its inner side with a plurality of springpressed plungers 8! which engage the bottom 88 of the cup-shaped member and form a friction driving connection between said member and the hub 79, wherefore when the handle T? and the hub it are rocked the cup-shaped member will also rock with the hub and within predetermined limits, as will be hereinafter explained.

A sleeve 82 is splined on the shaft l9 within the cap it and the outer end of said sleeve is provided with double acting cam clutch teeth as that cooperate with the clutch teeth l on the flange 74 of the sleeve 13 as will be hereinafter explained. The inner end of the sleeve 82 engages a collar 84 which is mounted on the shaft 19 and is held in contact with the sleeve 82 by one or more clutch springs 85 forming part of a friction clutch mechanism of substantially conventional form. The springs 85 engage a clutch member 86 keyed to the shaft 79 and said clutch member has splined thereto a plurality of friction clutch disks which cooperate with similar friction clutch disks splined to a second clutch member 8?. The friction clutch is located in a suitable chamber formed by adjacent recesses in the enlarged por-; tion 68a of the housing and in the cap ll, with the clutch member 87 rotatably supported by said portion 63a and said cap. The clutch member 81 is provided on its periphery with a gear 88 that meshes with a pinion 89 fixed to a shaft 98 that is rotatably supported in suitable hearings in the housing and cap member. The shaft 95 extends parallel to the shaft 19 and is located to the left and below said shaft 19, as clearly indicated in Fig. 12.

The shaft 963 is provided with a, bushing 9| on p which freely rotates a sleeve 92 and the left hand end of which sleeve, as viewed in Fig. 10, is provided with positive clutch teeth 93. The hub of a worm gear 94 is keyed to the sleeve 92 and said hub is held against axial displacement relative .to the shaft 99 and therefore said sleeve cannot move axially of said shaft. The worm gear 94 meshes with a worm 95 which is mounted on or 7 formed in the spindle 96 of an electric motor 91 with said spindle extending perpendicularly to the shafts 9B and 70. The motor 91 is supported from the housing 68 and said motor is preferably of the three-phase reversible type.

A sleeve 98 is splined on the shaft (see Fig. 10) and on its inner end is provided with positive clutch teeth 99 adapted to engage with the clutch teeth 93 and operatively interconnect the sleeves 92 and 98, wherefore when said clutch teeth are engaged the motor 9? acts to drive the shaft 99, pinion 89, gear 88 and clutch member Bl. The sleeve 98 can be shifted from a position wherein the clutch teeth 99 and 93 are disengaged (as shown in Fig. 10) to a position wherein said clutch teeth are engaged by means now to be described.

A rockable shaft I00 is mounted in a suitable bore in the housing and extends vertically outwardly of the housing. An operating handle Hill is secured to the upper end of the shaft Hi6, and when the clutch teeth are disengaged said handle will be in contact with the shoulder m2 formed on the housing, as shown in Fig. 12. The lower end of the shaft iiill is provided with an eccentric pin 133 that extends into an annular peripheral groove lfi i formed in the sleeve 98. It will be seen that when the handle I9! is rocked from the position shown in Figs. 10 and 12 toward the left, said shaft 599 Will be rocked and the eccentric pin I93 will act to shift the sleeve 9% to interengage the clutch teeth 99 and 93 so that the motor 97 will be driving the shaft 90.

The shaft Hi0 is held against axial displacement by means of an adjustable stop screw engaging in an annular groove in the shaft, as clearly shown in Fig. 10. The shaft Hill is held in either clutch engaged position or clutch disengaged position by means of a spring point I carried by the housing and engaging in circularly spaced recesses formed in the circumference of the shaft Hill as will be well understood.

Inwardly of the annular groove I05 the sleeve 98 is provided with an annular V-shaped groove I05 and into which one pointed end of a sliding pin I07 may extend when the clutch teeth 93 and 99 are interengaged. It will be noted that the pin I07 slides approximately at an angle of 45 from the vertical, it being understood that Fig. 10 is a developed view and that gravity acts on the pin I91 when it is sliding into engagement with the annular recess I06 of the sleeve 98. The opposite pointed end of the pin Hi! cooperates with a V-shaped recess l 98 formed in the periphery of the cup-shaped member 80. It will be seen that when the sleeve 98 is in the position shown in Fig. 10 with the clutch teeth 99 and 93 disengaged, the pointed end of said pin It? has been cammed out of the annular V-shaped recess I06 and is engaging the periphery of the sleeve 98, while the other pointed end of said pin has been positioned in the V-shaped recess I99 of the cup-shaped member 89 and acts to lock said member against rotation.

The cup-shaped member 89 is provided in its upper side with a squared recess I09 and a pin H0 carried by the housing projects into said recess and acts by engaging the side walls thereof to limit the rocking movement of the member 89 with the handle hub 16 in opposite directions.

The housing supports a pair of suitable switches H l and H2 and said switches preferably are of the well known microswitch type, with the switch I i I acting to energize the motor 91 for the chuck closing operation and the switch I I2 acting similarly for the chuck opening operation. The

switches are ;enc10sed'in a:su1tab1ecover II3 secured to the housing. The actuating 'plungers I I4 of the-switches are located in recesses formed in the member 80 on opposite sides of the recess I99 and the size of said recesses and the shape of the bottom walls thereof are such that when the member so rocks in either direction within the'limits afforded by the pin III: the'actuating plunger II4 of one or the other switch will be depressed by its engagement with the bottom wall of one or the otherf the recesses depending upon the direction of =m0vement of the member 80 and will close its respective micro-switch. The purpose of this arrangement will be clearly explained in describing a complete cycle of operation of the construction.

The hub -16 of the handle I! is provided with a bore -I-I5 extending therethrough and in which bore plungers H5 and Ill are mounted to project from the opposite ends thereof. These plungers are-alike and are provided with annular elongated recesses into which extend pins H8 that limit the inward and outward movements .of the plungers. The plungers are normally held in their outermostpositions by mean; of a coil spring H9 (see Fig. 12), mounted between the inner ends of the plungers.

When the handle 11 is in the-position it occupies when the chuck is fully opened, the "plunger H6 has been brought into engagement with the shoulder I26 .(see Fig. 12) formed exteriorly of the housing and has been compressed against the action of the spring He. Consequently when the operator releases his grasp on the handle "I'I the spring I-IQ-and the plunger I I3 .acting against the shoulder I29 rock the lever II slightly ina clockwise direction and justfar enough to disengagethe bottom of the respective recess 'of the member 80 "from the actuating plunger II4 of the switch I I2 and allow said switch to open, 'thus 'deenergizing the motor. "Simi1arly,'when the handle has 'been'rocked from spective recess inthe member 80 from the actuating plunger H4 of 'theswitch Hi to allow said-switch to open andthe motor 97 to b'e'deenergized.

Fig. 14 is a diagram-of the power circuit to the motor 91 and Ofthe control circuit therefor and in which latter circuit the switches III and I I2 are located. The leads I 22, 123 and IE4 from a suitable source of supplyo'f-three-phase electrical energy are connected tothe main connect and "disconnect switch I25which maybe located in any suitable and desirable place.

The leads I25, I27 and I28 extend from the switch I25 into a -motor controller I 29 mounted on top'of the motor 97. 'Ifdesired, the main connect and discon- "nect switch I25"might also be contained in the motor controller I29.

Themotor controller I29 contains forward and reverse motor control contactor switches, the contact of which are-operated by solenoids E36 and I3I with the energization and deenergization of said solenoids controlled by the switches III and I I2 respectively.

12 The lead 126 is :connected to a wire 132 that is in turn connected .to a con'tact I33 of the forward'contactor switch'and a contact 13% cf the reverse contactor switch. The lead I2? is connected to a wire I35 which in'turn is connected to the contact :I36 of the forward contactor switch and the contact I31 0f the reverse contactor switch. Thelead I28 is-connected to the wire I38 which in turn is connected to the contacti39 of the forward contactor switch and the contact I4c oi-the reverse contactor switch. The contacts I33, 133 and I39 of the forward Contactor switch are 'paired, respectively, with the contacts 'I4I, i i-2 aird I 13 of said forward contactor switch, and-said latter contacts are connected to the motor- 9! by the leads I44, I 35 and i respectively.

The contacts I34, I3-I and H58 of the reverse contactor switch are paired respectively with the contacts I4 I IE-an'd I49 of said reverse contactor switch, with the contact i4? connected to the contact "I43 of the forward ccntactor switch by wire 15!],theco1itactl43 connected to contact I42 of the forward contactor switch by wire 15!, and the contact I43 connected to the contact E4I of -the forward contactor switch by the Wire 5 52.

It will -be seen that when the solenoid I30 is energized by 'the closing of the switch III and the contacts I33 and I41, I36 and I42, and I39 and I43 are interconnected, current is flowing from the leads I26, I27 and I28 to the motor 91 through the wires I44, I45 and I46, respectively, and the motor is energized 'for forward operation. It will be seen that when the switch III is open and the reverse switch I I2 is closed to deenergize the solenoid I30 and energize the solenoid I3I, the forward circuit to the motor 91 is interrupted and the reverse circuit thereto established, at which time the lead I26 will be connected through the switch contacts I34 and I4? with the wire I and the latter through the switch "contact I43 with the wire I46, While the lead I28 will be connected through the switch contacts I40 and l iflwith'thewire I52, and the latter through the switch contact I4l with the wire I44; that is, the connection with the leads I26 and I28 with the motor 91 will be reversed while the lead 127 'will be connected to the motor as in the forward operation. The solenoid I30 is connected by a wire I53 with the switch contact I33 and also by wire 154 with one of the contacts of the switch III, the other contact of which is connected by a-short wire I55 with one =of the contacts of the switch 1 I2 and said latter contactis-connected'by a wire I55 with the contact I49 of the reverse contactor switch. The solenoid 'I'3I is connected by a wire I51 with the other contact of the switch H2 and is also connected by a wire I58 withthecontact I3- of the reverse contactor switch.

The operation of the mechanism disclosed in Figs. '7 to 14 inclusive will now be described. It will be assumed that the main switch IE5 is closed and the clutch teeth 93 and 99 are engaged, wherefore the pin -'I='0'I will have moved downwardly -into the V-notch lot of the sleeve 98 and will have disengaged itself from the V-notch I08 of the member BD, thus freeing said member for limited rocking movements with the handle. It will also be assumed that the chuck is open and the handle 71 is in the position shown in Fig. -8 with the plunger IIS extended but engaging the shoulder I20. When the -operatordeslres to close the chuck he rocks the handle ll in an anticlockwise direction and such movement of the handle through the friction drive between it and the member 86 provided by the spring-pressed plungers 8! causes said mem-- ber 8-8 to rock in an anticlockwise direction with the handle until the right hand side of the recess we of the member 8!! contacts the pin lit, at which time the actuating plunger lid of the switch MI is moved by its engagement with the bottom of the recess in the member to that is located to the right of the recess I69 as viewed in Fig. 10, with the result that the switch Hi is closed. It will be understood that the manual movement of the handle 11 in the anticlockwise direction rocks the sleeve 13 to which the handle is keyed in said direction and causes the cam clutch teeth 75 to cooperate with the cam clutch teeth 83 of the sleeve 82 to impart to said sleeve an anticlockwise movement and also an axial movement. Inasmuch as the sleeve 82 is splined to the shaft iii, the anticlockwise movement imparted to said sleeve will be transmitted to the shaft i=3. However, as soon as the switch Hi is closed, the motor 91 is energized for forward operation and drives the gear 88 and the clutch member Bl and clutch disks carried thereby. At this time the axial shifting of the sleeve 82 exerts sufiicient pressure on the collar 85 to engage the clutch disks of the clutch member 86 with the clutch disks of the clutch member 8?, that is the friction clutch on the shaft is is engaged and the power from the motor 97 is transmitted to the shaft H! to rock said shaft in the anticlockwise or chuck Closing direction and to supplement the manual power applied thereto by the handle H, the sleeve 13, and the sleeve 82.

It will be understood that when the member 86 engages the pin H9 its further movement in the anticlockwise direction is positively resisted, wherefore slippage then occurs in the friction operative connection between said member 83 and the hub '16 of the handle, but the member 8!} remains in its rocked position and the switch iii remains closed. The operator continues the anticlockwise movement of the handle l? until the chuck is fully closed, at which time the plunger H! has contacted the pin l2! and has been depressed against the action of the spring H9. The operator releases his grasp on the handle whereupon the spring pressed plunger I ll moves the handle Tl slightly in the clockwise direction. This slight clockwise movement of the handle i? and its hub it acts through the frictional driving connection between the hub and the member 80 to rock the latter slightly in the clockwise direction and until the pin H0 is located centrally of the recess I09, as shown in Fig. 12, at which time pressure on the actuating plunger li of the switch III is relieved and said switch is automatically opened, thus deenergizing the motor 91. This slight clockwise movement of the handle relieves the pressure on the sleeve 82 to disengage the disks of the friction clutch. It will be understood that the slight clockwise rotation of the handle just referreol to is not sufficient to cause any opening of the chuck and is merely for the purpose of effecting the deenergization of the motor El and the disengagement of the friction clutch. The chuck now being closed and gripping the stock, the machining operation can be performed on the latter.

When the operator desires to open the chuck he manually rocks the lever 11 in a clockwise direotion, with the result that the shaft 10 is rocked in a clockwise direction through the rotation of the sleeve 82 by the sleeve 13, effected through the interengagement of the clutch teeth 15 and 83. However, the initial portion of this clockwise movement of the handle 11 causes the member SE! to move in the clockwise direction until the pin Hill is in engagement with the left hand side of the recess I09 as viewed in Fig. 12, at which time the switch H2 is closed by the engagement of its actuating plunger II with the bottom of the recess of the member that lies to the left of the recess I09. The closing of the switch H2 effects energization of the motor 91 for operation in the reverse or chuck opening direction and drives the gear 88 in the opposite direction from that in which it was previously driven as explained before. The clockwise rocking of the handle Tl not only rocks the sleeve 82 in a clockwise direction but shifts the same axially of the shaft due to the double acting cam surfaces on the clutch teeth 75 and 83, and such shifting of the sleeve 82 exerts pressure on the collar i land effects engagement of the clutch disks carried by the gear 81 and the clutch member 36, whereupon the power of the motor 91 is impressed upon the shaft 1i) to supplement the manual power applied thereto in rocking the shaft in the clockwise direction.

The operator continues the clockwise movement of the handle 11 until the chuck is fully open, at which time the spring pressed plunger HE has engaged the shoulder I20 and has been depressed against the action of the spring H9. Therefore, when the operator releases his grasp on the handle ll the power of the spring H9 will act to rock the handle slightly in the anticlockwise direction and sufficiently far to move the member 8d to position the pin H0 midway of the recess E19 and cause the switch H2 to open automatically to effect deenergization of the motor 97. It will be understood that when the operator releases his grasp on the handle TI and the latter rocks slightly in the anti-clockwise direction the springs 85 of the friction clutch on the shaft it act against the collar 84 to disengage the clutch disks.

From the foregoing description of the operation of the construction shown in Figs. '7 to 14 inclusive it will be seen that the manual power or torque applied to the shaft 10 in rocking the same in either direction is supplemented automatically by the power derived torque of the motor 91 and that said motor is energized and deenergized and its direction of operation reversed automatically in accordance with the man ual movements of the handle Ti. In other words, the operator manipulates the handle 11 in the usual way for manually operating the chuck actuating mechanism and without any attention on his part the power torque is impressed upon the shaft to supplement the manual torque applied thereto by the operator.

Although ordinarily greater torque is required to operate the chuck actuating mechanism in the chuck closing direction than in the chuck opening direction, the inertia and friction of the chuck parts and its actuating mechanism, particularly in large size machines, require considerable force in releasing or opening the chuck, particularly near the beginning of the chuck opening operation. Therefore, it is decidedly advantageous to provide the supplemental power for boosting the manual power applied to the mechanism in "both the-chuck opening operation and the chuck closing operation.

Should it be desired not to utilize the power of the motor 9"! theoperator may'rockthe handle 10! of the shaft l ii'fl to cause the eccentric pin 163m shift the sleeve'98 and disengage the clutch :tee'th 93 and 99. Such shifting of the sleeve 98 :moves the V-notch 'l'ilt out ofreg'istry with the pin l0! and said pin is cammed upwardly until 'itsupper end engages-in the V-nOtch-HJB of the member fill and acts as alock to hold'said member J BS-a'gainst rocking movement with the hub Flt-of the handle Tl, it being understood that the imernber 88, when so locked, is in the position where the pin lit-is mid-way of the recess I89 andboth switches l-Hand 112 are open. Consequently should the operator now rock the handlein either direction, nomovement will be imparted to the member 88, which is positively held against movement by the pin 167, it being understood that slippage will occurin the friction connection between the-hub 16 and the memberSfl.

Consequent-ly'the 'hanolle can be rocked manually in either direction torock the shaft iii and effect the opening or closing of the chuck solely by manually applied force. also that at this time the gear 88 is operatively disconnected from themotor 91, since the'clutch It will be observed ried bysaid support and having a chuck, actuating mechanism for said chuck carried by said support and including a manually operable movable'part-for operating said mechanism manually and having a portion extending outwardly of said support, a housing secured to said support and through which said portion of said par-t extends, power means carried by said housing, a drive train interconnectingsaid power means and said .part carried by said housing and including a clutch, and shiftable means for controlling said clutch and carried by said housing and engaging said clutch and actuated by the manual operation of said part.

'2. In a machine tool, a support, a member carried by said support and having a chuck, actuating mechanism for said chuck carried by said support and including a rockable shaft and a manuall operable means for rocking said shaft, a housing secured to and extending outwardly of said support and through which said shaft extends with said manually operable means located at the outer end of said housing,.power means carried by said housing, a drive train interconnecting said shaft and said power means and car- "ried by said housing and'includinga clutch, and

shiftable clutch control 'means carried by'said housing and operatively engaging said clutch and said manually operable means wherefore movement of said latter means to rock said shaft effects-engagement of said-clutch.

3. In a machine tool, a support, a member carried by said support and havinga'chuck, actuating mechanism for said chuck carried by said support andincluding a movable part extending outwardly of said support-and a manually operated element for moving said part, a housing secured to said support and through which said part extends, a power means carried by said support, a drive train interconnecting said power means and said part and carried by said housing andincluding a clutch having-spring means acting normally to disengage said clutch, and shiftable means engaging said clutch and said element and shifted by the manual movement of said element in one direction to engage said clutch against the action of said spring means.

4. A machine tool as defined in claim 3 and wherein means is provided for limiting the manual-movement of said element in said one direction-and which means also acts when the manualforce is removed from said element to move the latter a sufiicient distance in the opposite direction to allow said spring means to disengage said clutch and shift said shiftable means.

5. In a machine tool, a support, a member carried by said support and having a chuck, actuating mechanism for said chuck and carried by said support and including a rockable shaft extending outwardly of said support and manually operable means for rocking said shaft, a housing secured to said support and through which said shaft extends, power means carried by said housing, a drive train interconnecting said shaft and power means and carried by said housing and including a clutch on aid shaft, and a shiftable sleeve on said shaft for engaging said clutch and connected operatively with said manually opera'ble means to be shifted thereby.

6. In a machine tool, a support, a member carried by said support and having a chuck, actuating mechanism for said chuck carried by said support and including a part movable in opposite directions for closing and opening said chuck and extending outwardly of said support and a manually operable element for moving said part, a housing secured to said support and through which said part extends, power means continuously operating during the operation of the machine tool and carried by said housing, a drive train interconnecting said power means and said part and carried by said housing and including a normally disengaged clutch, and shiftable means carried by said housing and contacting said clutch and said element and shiftable automatipart movable to close said chuck and an element connected with said part and manually operable in opposite directions to effect manual movement of said part, a power means the operation of which can be started and stopped, a drive train interconnecting said power means and said part and including a normally disengaged clutch, movable means contacting said clutch and said element and automatically moved to engage said clutch when said element is manually operated to close said chuck, and means .for automatically controlling the starting and stopping of said power means when said element is manually operated to close said chuck and including control members actuated by said element and control connections between said control members and said power means.

8. In a machine tool, a member having a chuck,

actuating mechanism for said chuckand including a rockable shaft and a manually operable handle mounted on said shaft for rocking the same, a power means, operative connections between said power means and shaft and including a clutch on said shaft, a, sleeve spllned on said shaft and operatively associated with said clutch for effecting engagement thereof when the sleeve is shifted in one direction and provided with teeth, and means operatively associated with said handle to rock therewith and provided with teeth cooperating with the sleeve teeth to shift said sleeve in said one direction.

9. In a machine tool, a member having a chuck, actuating mechanism for said chuck and including a rockable shaft and a manually operated handle for rocking said shaft, power means, operative connections between said shaft and said power means and. including a clutch on said shaft having spring means acting to normally disengage said clutch, an axially shiftable sleeve splined on said shaft with one end contacting said clutch and its, opposite end being provided with teeth, and means on said shaft and movable with said handle and provided with teeth cooperating with the teeth of said sleeve when said handle is manually moved in one direction to axially shift said sleeve and engage said clutch.

10. A machine tool as defined in claim 9 and wherein the teeth of said sleeve and said means on said shaft are provided with cooperating camming surfaces acting when said handle is manually moved in one direction to rotate said sleeve and axially shift the same to engage said clutch and with other cooperating surfaces eifecting a positive driving relationship between said teeth when said handle is manually moved in the opposite direction.

11. In a machine tool, a member having a chuck, actuating mechanism for said chuck including a part movable in opposite directions to close and open said chuck and an element manually operable in opposite directions to efiect said movements of said part, a power means the operation of which can be started, stopped, or reversed, operative connections between said power means and said part and including a normally disengaged clutch, means operatively associated with said clutch and said element for automatically engaging said clutch when said element is manually operated to close or open said chuck, and means operatively associated with said power means and said element for automatically controlling the starting and stopping and the direction of operation of said power means when said element is manually operated to close or open said chuck.

12. A machine tool as defined in claim 11 and wherein said power means is a reversible electric motor and said means which is operatively associated with said power means and said element includes a control circuit and switches for said motor.

13. In a machine tool, a member having a chuck; actuating mechanism for said chuck including a part movable in opposite directions to close and open said chuck and an element manually operable to effect said movements of said part; a reversible electric motor, operative connections between said motor and said part; and means for controlling the starting, the stopping and the direction of operation of said motor and including a control circuit having motor control switches therein, a movable switch operating member, and operative connections between said last member and said element.

14. In a machine tool, a member having a chuck, actuating mechanism for said chuck including a part movable in opposite directions to close and open said chuck and an element manually operable to effect said movements of said part; a reversible electric motor, operative connections between said motor and part; and means for controlling the starting, the stopping and the direction of operation of said motor and including a, control circuit having motor control switches therein, a movable switch operating member, a friction driving connection between said switch operating member and said element, and means for positively limiting movement of said switch operating member Within predetermined limits.

15. In a machine tool, a member having a chuck; actuatin mechanism for said chuck including a part movable in opposite directions to close and open said chuck and an element manually operable to effect said movements of said part; a reversible electric motor, operative connections between said motor and part; means for controlling the starting, the stopping and the direction of operation of said motor and including a control circuit having motor control switches therein, a movable switch operating member, and operative connections between said last member and said element; and means for selectively rendering said switch operating member active or inactive whereby said chuck may be actuated either by a combination of manual force and power force or solely by manual force.

16. In a machine tool, a member having a chuck; actuating mechanism for said chuck including a shaft rockable in opposite directions to close and open said chuck and an element mounted on said shaft and manually operable to effect said rocking movements thereof; a reversible electric motor; operative connections between said motor and shaft and including a normally disengaged clutch mounted on said shaft a sleeve splined on said shaft and movable in one direction to engage said clutch and provided with double acting cam teeth, a second sleeve mounted on said shaft and operatively associated with said element and provided with double acting cam teeth cooperating with the teeth of said first named sleeve whereby a predetermined movement of said element shifts said first sleeve to engage said clutch; means for controlling the starting, the stopping and the direction of operation of said motor and including a control circuit having motor control switches therein, a rockable switch operatin member mounted on said second named sleeve, a friction driving connection between said switch operating member and said element, and means for positively limiting movement of said switch operating member within predetermined limits.

17. A machine tool as defined in claim 16 and wherein the operative connection between said motor and said shaft also include a positive clutch, means for selectively engaging and disengaging said positive clutch, and means actuated automatically by the disengagement of said positive clutch to render said switch operating member inactive.

18. A machine tool as defined in claim 16 and wherein means is provided for limiting the movement of said manually operable element in opposite directions and which means also acts when the manual force is removed from said element to move the latter in a reverse direction a sufficient distance to effect disengagement of said normally disengaged clutch and movement of said switch operating member "to inactive position to-stop saidmotor.

FRED H. 'IBOGARI'.

file of this patent:

Number UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Busch May 7, 1918 Hopkins Dec. 19, 1930 Erwin Sept. 12, 1933 Schurr Dec. 12, 1939 Vickers Feb. 16, 1943 

